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        <h2>
          <span class="refentrytitle">xtratim</span>
        </h2>
        <p>xtratim — 
      Extend the duration of real-time generated events.
    </p>
      </div>
      <div class="refsect1">
        <a id="idp169272128"></a>
        <h2>Description</h2>
        <p>
      Extend the duration of real-time generated events and handle their extra life (Usually for usage along with <a class="link" href="release.html" title="release"><em class="citetitle">release</em></a> instead of <a class="link" href="linenr.html" title="linenr"><em class="citetitle">linenr</em></a>, <a class="link" href="linsegr.html" title="linsegr"><em class="citetitle">linsegr</em></a>, etc).
    </p>
      </div>
      <div class="refsect1">
        <a id="idp169276336"></a>
        <h2>Syntax</h2>
        <pre class="synopsis"><span class="command"><strong>xtratim</strong></span> iextradur</pre>
      </div>
      <div class="refsect1">
        <a id="idp169278416"></a>
        <h2>Initialization</h2>
        <p>
      <span class="emphasis"><em>iextradur</em></span> -- additional duration of current instrument instance
    </p>
      </div>
      <div class="refsect1">
        <a id="idp169280176"></a>
        <h2>Performance</h2>
        <p>
      <span class="emphasis"><em>xtratim</em></span> extends current MIDI-activated note duration by <span class="emphasis"><em>iextradur</em></span> seconds after the corresponding noteoff message has deactivated the current note itself. It is usually used in conjunction with <a class="link" href="release.html" title="release"><em class="citetitle">release</em></a>. This opcode has no output arguments.
    </p>
        <p>
       This opcode is useful for implementing complex release-oriented envelopes, whose duration is not known when the envelope starts (e.g. for real-time MIDI generated events).
    </p>
      </div>
      <div class="refsect1">
        <a id="idp169284224"></a>
        <h2>Examples</h2>
        <p>
      Here is a simple example of the xtratim opcode. It uses the file <a class="ulink" href="examples/xtratim.csd" target="_top"><em class="citetitle">xtratim.csd</em></a>.

      </p>
        <div class="example">
          <a id="idp169286096"></a>
          <p class="title">
            <strong>Example 1058. Example of the xtratim opcode.</strong>
          </p>
          <div class="example-contents">
            <p>See the sections <a class="link" href="UsingRealTime.html" title="Real-Time Audio"><em class="citetitle">Real-time Audio</em></a> and <a class="link" href="CommandFlags.html" title="Csound command line"><em class="citetitle">Command Line Flags</em></a> for more information on using command line flags.</p>
            <p>This example shows how to generate a release segment for an ADSR envelope after a MIDI noteoff is received, extending the duration with <span class="emphasis"><em>xtratim</em></span> and using <a class="link" href="release.html" title="release"><em class="citetitle">release</em></a> to check whether the note is on the release phase.</p>
            <pre class="programlisting">
<span class="csdtag">&lt;CsoundSynthesizer&gt;</span>
<span class="csdtag">&lt;CsOptions&gt;</span>
<span class="comment">; Select audio/midi flags here according to platform</span>
<span class="comment">; Audio out   Audio in    Silent  MIDI in</span>
-odac           -iadc     -d       -M0  <span class="comment">;;;realtime I/O</span>
<span class="csdtag">&lt;/CsOptions&gt;</span>
<span class="csdtag">&lt;CsInstruments&gt;</span>
<span class="comment">;Simple usage of the xtratim opcode</span>
<span class="ohdr">sr</span> <span class="op">=</span> 44100
<span class="ohdr">ksmps</span> <span class="op">=</span> 10
<span class="ohdr">nchnls</span> <span class="op">=</span> 2

<span class="comment">; sine wave for oscillators</span>
gisin	    <span class="ohdr">ftgen</span>     1, 0, 4096, 10, 1

<span class="oblock">instr</span> 1

  inum <span class="opc">notnum</span>
  icps <span class="opc">cpsmidi</span>
  iamp <span class="opc">ampmidi</span> 4000
 <span class="comment">;</span>
 <span class="comment">;------- complex envelope block ------</span>
  <span class="opc">xtratim</span> 1 <span class="comment">;extra-time, i.e. release dur</span>
  krel <span class="opc">init</span> 0
  krel <span class="opc">release</span> <span class="comment">;outputs release-stage flag (0 or 1 values)</span>
  <span class="octrl">if</span> (krel <span class="op">==</span> 1) <span class="octrl">kgoto</span> rel <span class="comment">;if in release-stage goto release section</span>
 <span class="comment">;</span>
 <span class="comment">;************ attack and sustain section ***********</span>
  kmp1 <span class="opc">linseg</span> 0, .03, 1, .05, 1, .07, 0, .08, .5, 4, 1, 50, 1
  kmp <span class="op">=</span> kmp1<span class="op">*</span>iamp
   <span class="octrl">kgoto</span> done
 <span class="comment">;</span>
 <span class="comment">;--------- release section --------</span>
   rel<span class="op">:</span>
  kmp2 <span class="opc">linseg</span> 1, .3, .2, .7, 0
  kmp <span class="op">=</span> kmp1<span class="op">*</span>kmp2<span class="op">*</span>iamp
  done<span class="op">:</span>
 <span class="comment">;------</span>
  a1 <span class="opc">oscili</span> kmp, icps, gisin
  <span class="opc">outs</span> a1, a1
 <span class="oblock">endin</span>

<span class="csdtag">&lt;/CsInstruments&gt;</span>
<span class="csdtag">&lt;CsScore&gt;</span>
<span class="stamnt">f</span> 0 3600 <span class="comment">;dummy table to wait for realtime MIDI events</span>
<span class="stamnt">e</span>
<span class="csdtag">&lt;/CsScore&gt;</span>
<span class="csdtag">&lt;/CsoundSynthesizer&gt;</span>
</pre>
          </div>
        </div>
        <p><br class="example-break" />
    </p>
        <p>
      Here is a more elaborate example of the xtratim opcode. It uses the file <a class="ulink" href="examples/xtratim-2.csd" target="_top"><em class="citetitle">xtratim-2.csd</em></a>.

      </p>
        <div class="example">
          <a id="idp169293376"></a>
          <p class="title">
            <strong>Example 1059. More complex example of the xtratim opcode.</strong>
          </p>
          <div class="example-contents">
            <p>This example shows how to generate a release segment for an ADSR envelope after a MIDI noteoff is received, extending the duration with <span class="emphasis"><em>xtratim</em></span> and using <a class="link" href="release.html" title="release"><em class="citetitle">release</em></a> to check whether the note is on the release phase. Two envelopes are generated simultaneously for the left and right channels.</p>
            <pre class="programlisting">
<span class="csdtag">&lt;CsoundSynthesizer&gt;</span>
<span class="csdtag">&lt;CsOptions&gt;</span>
<span class="comment">; Select audio/midi flags here according to platform</span>
<span class="comment">; Audio out   Audio in    Silent  MIDI in</span>
-odac           -iadc     -d       -M0  <span class="comment">;;;realtime I/O</span>
<span class="csdtag">&lt;/CsOptions&gt;</span>
<span class="csdtag">&lt;CsInstruments&gt;</span>
<span class="comment">;xtratim example by Jonathan Murphy Dec. 2006</span>
<span class="ohdr">sr</span> <span class="op">=</span> 44100
<span class="ohdr">ksmps</span> <span class="op">=</span> 10
<span class="ohdr">nchnls</span> <span class="op">=</span> 2

	    <span class="comment">; sine wave for oscillators</span>
gisin	    <span class="ohdr">ftgen</span>     1, 0, 4096, 10, 1
	    <span class="comment">; set volume initially to midpoint</span>
	    <span class="ohdr">ctrlinit</span>  1, 7,64

<span class="comment">;;; simple two oscil, two envelope synth</span>
    <span class="oblock">instr</span> 1

	    <span class="comment">; frequency</span>
  kcps	    <span class="opc">cpsmidib</span>
	    <span class="comment">; initial velocity (noteon)</span>
  ivel	    <span class="opc">veloc</span>

	    <span class="comment">; master volume</span>
  kamp	    <span class="opc">ctrl7</span>     1, 7, 0, 127
  kamp	    <span class="op">=</span>  kamp <span class="op">*</span> ivel

	    <span class="comment">; parameters for aenv1</span>
  iatt1	    <span class="op">=</span>  0.03	
  idec1	    <span class="op">=</span>  1
  isus1	    <span class="op">=</span>  0.25	
  irel1	    <span class="op">=</span>  1
	    <span class="comment">; parameters for aenv2</span>
  iatt2	    <span class="op">=</span>  0.06	
  idec2	    <span class="op">=</span>  2	
  isus2	    <span class="op">=</span>  0.5
  irel2	    <span class="op">=</span>  2

	    <span class="comment">; extra (release) time allocated</span>
	    <span class="opc">xtratim</span>   (irel1<span class="op">&gt;</span>irel2 <span class="op">?</span> irel1 <span class="op">:</span> irel2)
            <span class="comment">; krel is used to trigger envelope release</span>
  krel	    <span class="opc">init</span>      0
  krel	    <span class="opc">release</span>
	    <span class="comment">; if noteoff received, krel == 1, otherwise krel == 0</span>
<span class="octrl">if</span> (krel <span class="op">==</span> 1) <span class="octrl">kgoto</span> <span class="olabel">rel</span>

	    <span class="comment">; attack, decay, sustain segments</span>
  atmp1	    <span class="opc">linseg</span>    0, iatt1, 1, idec1, isus1	, 1, isus1
  atmp2	    <span class="opc">linseg</span>    0, iatt2, 1, idec2, isus2	, 1, isus2
  aenv1	    <span class="op">=</span>  atmp1
  aenv2	    <span class="op">=</span>  atmp2
	    <span class="octrl">kgoto</span>     <span class="olabel">done</span>

	    <span class="comment">; release segment</span>
<span class="olabel">rel</span><span class="op">:</span>
  atmp3	    <span class="opc">linseg</span>    1, irel1, 0, 1, 0
  atmp4	    <span class="opc">linseg</span>    1, irel2, 0, 1, 0
  aenv1	    <span class="op">=</span>  atmp1 <span class="op">*</span> atmp3  <span class="comment">;to go from the current value (in case</span>
  aenv2	    <span class="op">=</span>  atmp2 <span class="op">*</span> atmp4  <span class="comment">;the attack hasn't finished) to the release.</span>

	    <span class="comment">; control oscillator amplitude using envelopes</span>
<span class="olabel">done</span><span class="op">:</span>
  aosc1	    <span class="opc">oscil</span>     aenv1, kcps, gisin
  aosc2	    <span class="opc">oscil</span>     aenv2, kcps <span class="op">*</span> 1.5, gisin
  aosc1	    <span class="op">=</span>  aosc1 <span class="op">*</span> kamp
  aosc2	    <span class="op">=</span>  aosc2 <span class="op">*</span> kamp

	    <span class="comment">; send aosc1 to left channel, aosc2 to right,</span>
	    <span class="comment">; release times are noticably different</span>
 
	    <span class="opc">outs</span>      aosc1, aosc2

    <span class="oblock">endin</span>

<span class="csdtag">&lt;/CsInstruments&gt;</span>
<span class="csdtag">&lt;CsScore&gt;</span>

<span class="stamnt">f</span> 0 3600 <span class="comment">;dummy table to wait for realtime MIDI events</span>

<span class="csdtag">&lt;/CsScore&gt;</span>
<span class="csdtag">&lt;/CsoundSynthesizer&gt;</span>
</pre>
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        <p><br class="example-break" />
    </p>
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      <div class="refsect1">
        <a id="idp169297376"></a>
        <h2>See Also</h2>
        <p>
      <a class="link" href="linenr.html" title="linenr"><em class="citetitle">linenr</em></a>, 
      <a class="link" href="release.html" title="release"><em class="citetitle">release</em></a>
    </p>
      </div>
      <div class="refsect1">
        <a id="idp169300448"></a>
        <h2>Credits</h2>
        <p>Author: Gabriel Maldonado</p>
        <p>Italy</p>
        <p>Examples by Gabriel Maldonado and Jonathan Murphy</p>
        <p>New in Csound version 3.47</p>
      </div>
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